How many oil refineries does Russia have, and which has Ukraine hit? Plants and impact of strikes

The figure of 32 major refineries does not include every oil-processing business in the country. Alongside the industrial giants, Russia has smaller plants and mini-refineries. Some of these have also been hit by Ukraine.

Our table therefore covers facilities of different sizes, from the Omsk refinery to much smaller operations such as Albashneft.

The geography of confirmed strikes has long extended beyond Russia’s border regions.

The strike on the Omsk refinery on 6 July 2026 was particularly significant. According to Ukraine’s General Staff, the plant is almost 2,500 km away. Ukrainian commanders described it as the last of Russia’s 11 largest gasoline producers that Ukrainian forces had not previously hit.

This changed the geography of the war for Russian industry. Plants hundreds or thousands of kilometres from the front also began coming under Ukrainian attack.

The IEA estimates that restoring more complex damaged processing units can take six to eight months. Sanctions further restrict access to some of the equipment needed for repairs.

The Syzran refinery offers a telling example. On 16 September 2026, Reuters reported that the plant had stopped processing oil after a strike. Its main unit, which accounted for around 71% of the refinery’s capacity, had suffered serious damage.

For Russia, this means several costs at once: damaged equipment, repair work and products the refinery could neither make nor sell during the shutdown.

Problems at individual plants add up. When several major refineries stop or reduce production at the same time, the rest of the industry has to shoulder the load.

According to the IEA, Russian refinery throughput in June 2026 was roughly 30% lower than a year earlier. The agency also documented fuel export restrictions and gasoline imports that Russia used to maintain domestic supplies.

For a major oil-producing country, the outcome is striking: plenty of crude, but growing difficulty in keeping finished fuel reliably available.

Hauliers, farmers, businesses and drivers feel the consequences. Companies still have to fulfil contracts, harvest crops and move goods, regardless of how many processing units are under repair at the next refinery.

The longer Russia continues its invasion, the more it pays to keep it going. And an increasing share of that bill is coming from its own refineries.